(1) Definition, Application in
Business and Commerce, Classification and Tabulation, Statistical Enquiries,
Diagrams and Graphs, Measures of Central Values, Measures of Dispersion,
Skewness, Simple, Correlation and Regression, Lines of Regression, Method of
least square and curve fitting with application to Business.
Index, Number: Kind of Index numbers with special emphases to consumer
price Index numbers.
(5) Internet and E-mail: What is
Internet, Services provided by Internet, Using a web browser, Address bar,
Refresh and Stop, Suing a search engine, Saving information from the Net,
Creating an E-mail accounts of Free Web Servers, What is E-mail, sending and
receiving E-mails, difference between ISP & Free Web Server mail accounts.
Introduction: Definition, Nature,
Scope and Importance (Micro and Macro) Economics Description. Analysis and
Policy: economic Methodology.
Consumption: Definition and meaning, Diminishing Marginal Utility:
Consumer's surplus.
Demand: Definition and meaning, Curves; Elasticity of Demand and its
measurement, Laws of Substitution; Indifference Curves.
Supply: Supply, changes in supply, Equilibrium Analysis.
Production: Laws of returns and their application to Agriculture and
Industry, Factor of Production, Land, Labour and its mobility, Labour Force and
population theories, Capital, its meaning, Accumulation, productivity of
Capital, Entrepreneur, Functions of Entrepreneur.
Cost: Fixed, Variable, Total, Average and Marginal: Cost over time
period.
Market: Perfect and Imperfect Competition. Demand and Supply
Relationship, Market price and Normal price; price determination under perfect
and imperfect competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly, Duopoly and Price Control,
(Basis Concepts).
Factor Pricing: Rent, Wages, Interest and Profit.
National Income: Measurement of National Income: Concepts of National
Income-GNP, National Income: at market price, at factor Cost; Measurement of
national Product in current price and in constant prices.
Balance of Payment: Balance of Trade, Balance of payments, Causes of
Disequilibrium and Measures.
Public Finance: Meaning, Different between Private and Public Finance, Income
and Expenditure of Public Bodies, Kinds to Taxes and Cannons of Taxes.
Economics in Islam: Economic role of State in Islam, Zakat and Usher.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
(1) Economics by Muhammad Irshad.
(2) Sh. Manzoor Ali, Economics, Ilmi Kutab Khana, Urdu bazar, Lahore.
(3) Lioyd G. Reynolds Irwin. Micro Economics analysis & Policy. Irwin
Homwood Illinols.
(4) Nacy Smith Bareent. The Theory of Macro Economics Policy, Prentics
Hall.
(5) Fdword Shariro. Macro Economic Analysis. Harcourt Brace.
(6) Saeed Nasir M.A. Textbook of Economics. Ilmi Kutab Khana, Lahore.
(7) Salman Rizavi. Economics.
(8) Paul A. Sameulson. Economics.
Sohail Akhter: Text Book of Economics.
Note: Latest Edition of the Recommended Books.
(3) Parts of Speech: Major word
classes. Nouns with further classifications (regular, countable; uncountable;
singular; plural), Pronouns with further classifications, Verbs emphasis on
three forms of verbs, Adjectives with further classification three degrees of
comparison, Adverbs with further classifications. Minor word classes:
Preposition, conjunctions with further classifications, Interjections,
Auxiliary verbs, Determiners. Infinitive, Participle, Gerund, Genitives types
and functions.
Business: Meaning, Nature, Scope and
Importance, Problems, Functions and qualities of a Businessman.
Sole Proprietorship: Features, Merits and Demerits.
Partnership: Features, Merits and Demerits, Co-ownership vs. Partnership;
Classification of Partners; Rights, Duties, and Liabilities of Partners,
Dissolution of Partnership.
Joint Stock Company: Features, Merits and Demerits, Formation, Memorandum of
Association; Articles of Association, Prospectus, Capital, Management,
Meetings, Winding up.
Cooperative Society: Features, Kinds, Merits and Demerits.
Combination: Meaning, Causes and Purposes, Advantages and Disadvantages, Types
of Combination, Forms of Combination.
Trade: Wholesales, retail, Import and Export.
Marketing: Definition, Functions, Scope Advantages and Disadvantage, Marketing
Versus Selling.
Channels of Distribution: Meaning, Functions, Kinds Selection of Channels,
Advantages.
Sales Promotion: Meaning, Objects and Methods.
Advertising: Meaning, Objects, Types, Merits and Demerits Advertising Media.
Warehousing: Definition, Functions, Kinds.
Business Risk: Definition. Types Methods of Handling Risk.
Insurance: Meaning, Principles, Kinds (Life, Fire, Marine) Importance.
Finance: Definition, Components, Importance Kinds and Sources.
Management: Definition, Base, Functions and Management.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
(1) Nisar-ud-Din. Business Organization. Aziz Publishers, Urdu Bazar, Lahore.
(2) Introduction to Business by Muhammad Irshad.
(3) Introduction to Business by Khalid Mehmood Cheema, Syed Mobin Mahmood
& Company, Lahore.
(4) Thedore J.Sielaff and John W. Aberle. Introduction to Business, Belmont, California. Warsworth Publishing
Company Inc.
(5) Askari Zaidi S.A. Fundamentals of Business. Orient Publishers, Karachi.
(6) Glass & Baker. Introduction to business.
(7) Ali M.H. Introduction to Business.
Note: Latest Editions of the recommended books.
Introduction: Evolution of Money, Forms,
Functions, Importance and role of Money.
Value of Money: Quantity Theory of Money, Cash Balance theory of Money,
Measurement of value of Money. Devaluation of Money.
Trade Cycle: Phases, Causes, Remedies, Theory of Trade Cycles.
Inflation: Kinds, Causes, Remedies, Deflation, reflection, Disinflation,
Stagflation.
International Monitoring Systems: IMF, IBRD, Asian Development Bank, Islamic
Development Bank.
BANKING
Introduction: Definition, Evolution, Kinds of Banks.
Commercial Bank: Principles, Function, Importance. Role of Banks.
Bank Account: Current, PLS, Term Deposit, Foreign Currency Accounts.
Bank Customer: Different Types of Customers, Bankers Customers Relationships.
Bank Advances: Running Finance, Cash Finance, Demand Finance, Term Finance,
Discounting of Bills, Purchase of Bills, Principles of Advances, Securities,
Modes of Lending.
Letter of Creditors: Kinds, Operations, Advantages.
Central Bank: Principles, Functions, Role, Monitoring Policies, Methods of Note
Issues, State Bank of Pakistan, Functions and Role.
Bank in Pakistan: Brief History,
Nationalization, Privatization, ADBP, IDBP, Small Business Finance Corporation.
Islamic Banking: Principles, Functions, Islamic Modes of Finance.
BOOKS RECOMMANDED
(1) Money & Banking by Muhammad Irshad,
(2) Money & Banking by M. Saeed Nasir, Kitab Markaz Faisalabad.
(3) Practice and Law of Banking in Pakistan, Israr Siddiqui, Royal Book
Co., Karachi.
(4) Banking and Finance in Pakistan, S.A., Menai Oxford University Press, Karachi.
(5) An outline of Money by Crowther, Thomas Nelson & Sons Ltd. London.
(6) Hassan, Moheen, Banking Mobeen Publishers, Lahore.
PAPER-VIII (BC-308)
ISLAMIC STUDIES:
Islamic Studies (Ethical Behaviour in lieu of Islamic Studies for Non-Muslim
Student)
